Article-5-like guarantees Ukraine’s NATO accession was expressly ruled out by the United States. Nevertheless, Kyiv was promised “Article-5-like guarantees” during negotiations about a ceasefire, suggesting Ukraine would be defended like a NATO ally. Quite how guarantees for a non-member could resemble those for members of the transatlantic alliance remains a mystery in the strictest sense of the word: a truth whose very possibility cannot be rationally conceived.
Backstop The United Kingdom and France kept signaling their willingness to send troops to Ukraine to secure a ceasefire—on the condition that the US provide a “backstop,” meaning an ultimate security reassurance. It was never spelled out what that entailed. A catch-22: The US wanted to offload the…
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Source ip-quarterly.com
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